In Drosophila, the Autosomal Recessive Pr and Cn Mutations Cause

question 14

Multiple Choice

In Drosophila, the autosomal recessive pr and cn mutations cause brown and bright-red eyes, respectively (wild-type flies have brick-red eyes) .Flies who are homozygous recessive at both pr and cn have orange eyes.A female who has wild-type eyes is crossed to an orange-eyed male.Their progeny have the following distribution of eye colors:
$$\begin{array} { | l | r | } \hline \text { wild-type } & \text { 8 } \\\hline \text { brown } & 241 \\\hline \text { briphit-red } & 239 \\\hline \text { orarnge } & \underline{12} \\\hline & 500 \\\hline\end{array}$$
-The mother of these progeny resulted from a cross between two flies from true-breeding lines.What are the genotypes of these two lines?

• A)pr cn⁺ / pr cn⁺ and pr⁺ cn / pr⁺ cn
• B)pr⁺ cn⁺ / pr⁺ cn⁺ and pr cn / pr cn
• C)pr⁺ cn⁺ / pr cn and pr cn / pr cn
• D)pr⁺ cn / pr cn and pr cn⁺ / pr cn
• E)More than one of these could be true.

Understand the principles of reinforcement and their application in educational settings.

Identify strategies for effective reinforcement and the avoidance of reinforcement satiation.

Know the components and effectiveness of contingency contracts and token economies.

Evaluate the use of group-oriented contingencies and their outcomes.

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