A Recent Technical Advancement That Has Accelerated the Study of Genomes

question 12

Multiple Choice

A recent technical advancement that has accelerated the study of genomes is the ability to

• A)sequence large complex genomes rapidly and inexpensively.
• B)rapidly identify and mutate individual disease-causing genes.
• C)determine the function of genes by comparing genome sequences.
• D)edit DNA in germ-line cells to correct disease-causing mutations.

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Definitions:

Centromere

The region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.

Chromatin

The complex of DNA and histone proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, regulating gene expression.

Membrane Potential

The voltage difference across a cell's membrane, crucial for the function of excitable cells like neurons and muscle cells.

Extracellular Glycocalyx

A complex carbohydrate-rich layer that coats the outer surface of cells, playing key roles in cell-cell interactions and protection.