In the Following Scenarios, State Which Type of Error (Type

question 11

Essay

In the following scenarios, state which type of error (type 1 or type 2) you would want to change in a hypothesis test to reduce errors.
A)You are investigating an effect of drug A indicated for patients who risk death if not treated. The drug will be used to replace a therapy that has serious side effects. The study is testing the hypotheses:
Null hypothesis: drug A is not effective.
Research hypothesis: drug A is effective.
B)Many studies are investigating different experimental strategies for increasing bone density in osteoporotic women. Suppose a new therapy has been discovered to increase bone density in mice. It is possible that this therapy could be effective in humans.
The study is testing the hypotheses:
Null hypothesis: drug A is not effective.
Research hypothesis: drug A is effective.

• A)You are investigating an effect of drug A indicated for patients who risk death if not treated. The drug will be used to replace a therapy that has serious side effects. The study is testing the hypotheses:
• Null hypothesis: drug A is not effective.
• Research hypothesis: drug A is effective.
• B)Many studies are investigating different experimental strategies for increasing bone density in osteoporotic women. Suppose a new therapy has been discovered to increase bone density in mice. It is possible that this therapy could be effective in humans.
• The study is testing the hypotheses:
• Null hypothesis: drug A is not effective.
• Research hypothesis: drug A is effective.

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Definitions:

Knowledge Bias

Knowledge bias is the tendency to distort or interpret information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs or knowledge.

Drug Companies

Firms involved in the research, development, production, and marketing of medications and pharmaceutical products.

Halo Effect

A cognitive bias where positive impressions in one area lead to positive assessments or assumptions in other areas, often unrelated.

Associative-cluster Effect

Describes how ideas or memories are linked together in the mind, leading to the easy recall of associated information when a related concept is encountered.