Which of the Following Increases the Political Power of Special

question 181

Multiple Choice

Which of the following increases the political power of special interest groups and makes counterproductive government action more likely?

• A) logrolling and pork barrel legislation
• B) the rational-ignorance effect
• C) public goods
• D) both a and b, but not c

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Definitions:

Primary Reinforcers

Stimuli that are inherently rewarding and satisfy basic biological needs, such as food, water, and warmth, leading to the conditioning of behavior without prior learning.

Secondary Reinforcers

Stimuli or rewards that have learned value through their association with primary reinforcers, such as money or praise.

Biological Needs

Fundamental requirements that serve to maintain the basic functioning and survival of an organism, including food, water, shelter, and air.

Shaping

A method of behavior training in which successive approximations of the desired behavior are reinforced until the exact behavior is achieved.