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A star in the lower-left corner of the H-R diagram must be
Chi-square Value
A statistic used to measure the differences between observed and expected frequencies in categorical datasets, testing for independence or goodness of fit.
Observed
Refers to measured or witnessed information and data gathered through experimentation or research.
Expected
Refers to the predicted outcome or value in probability and statistics, often based on theoretical or historical data.
Nonparametric Statistics
Distribution-free statistics that do not require the same assumptions as do parametric statistics.
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