A Value of N =0

question 41

Multiple Choice

A value of N =0.1 for the Drake equation signifies that

• A) one out of every 10 solar systems in our galaxy harbors intelligent life.
• B) one out of every 10 solar systems in our galaxy harbors life of some kind.
• C) one out of every 10 Milky-way sized galaxies in our universe harbors intelligent life.
• D) one out of every 10 Milky-way sized galaxies in our universe harbors life of some kind.
• E) approximately one intelligent civilization in the universe is created every 10 billion years.

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Definitions:

Behavioral Contrast

The phenomenon where the rate of responding to one stimulus changes as a result of a change in reinforcement provided for responding to another stimulus.

Habituation

The process by which an organism decreases or ceases its responses to a repetitive stimulus over time, indicating a basic form of learning.

Sensitization

An increase in behavioral response after exposure to a stimulus, often as a result of an enhanced reaction to a subsequent stimulus.

Habituation

A decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure to it, representing a fundamental form of learning.