When Measuring Effectiveness of a Treatment, Surrogate Measures Reflect Clinical

question 9

Multiple Choice

When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical efficacy and include

• A) recurrence of the disease
• B) death
• C) bone-mass density BMD)
• D) hip fractures
• E) scores on standard evaluative exams such as EuroQol or SF-36

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Definitions:

Labor Cost

The total sum of all wages paid to employees, as well as the costs of employee benefits and payroll taxes paid by an employer.

Backflow

The reverse flow of water or other substances into the pipes of a potable water supply from any source other than its intended source.

Migration

The movement of people from one place to another, often across political or economic boundaries, for various reasons including work, education, or escape from conflict.