A Researcher Carries Out a Study of Memory Strategies

question 13

Multiple Choice

A researcher carries out a study of memory strategies. She has all participants receive all three strategy conditions. First they get strategy A, then they get strategy B, and then they receive strategy C. She notices that there is a steady increase in performance as the students move from A to C. She is concerned because although it might be that strategy C is better than strategy A, it is also possible that the participants might just improve because of familiarity with the task of memorizing lists. Her concern reflects the potential of:

• A) Order effects
• B) Random assignment
• C) Carryover effects
• D) Random sequencing effect

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Definitions:

Experimental Research

A research method that investigates causal relationships by manipulating one variable to see its effect on another, under controlled conditions.

Independent Variable

The variable that is manipulated in an experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Dependent Variable

A variable in an experiment that is expected to change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

Correlational Study

A research methodology that examines the relationship or association between two or more variables without determining causal direction.