Dr Guidry Conducts a Study Examining the Relationship Between the Number

question 14

Multiple Choice

Dr. Guidry conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in Nashville, Tennessee (the state capital) , located in the southern United States. Below are her findings.
•Life satisfaction and experience of daily stress: r =.57 (p = .01)
•Number of friends one has and experience of daily stress: r = .09, not sig.
•Number of friends one has and life satisfaction: r = .36 (p = .04)
Matt, Dr. Guidry's research assistant, is discussing the findings of the study with some other students. He claims that the experience of more daily stress causes people to have lower life satisfaction. Which of the following causal criteria did Matt meet?

• A)The covariance of cause and effect
• B)Temporal precedence
• C)Internal validity
• D)External validity

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Definitions:

Performance Appraisals

The systematic evaluation of an employee's job performance and productivity, typically to determine compensation, promotions, and training needs.

Positive Reinforcement

The process of encouraging or increasing a behavior by following it with a positive stimulus.

Regressive Coping

A defense mechanism where an individual responds to stress by reverting to behaviors typical of an earlier stage of development.

Punishment

A consequence given in response to an unwanted behavior, intended to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again.