RESEARCH STUDY 10

question 19

Essay

RESEARCH STUDY 10.3: Dr.Phillips is a cognitive-developmental psychologist who studies how children learn mathematical principles.His current interest is in studying how children learn multiplication.He recruits 54 second-graders who have not yet learned how to multiply numbers to participate in his study.He is curious as to whether different teaching styles lead to better mastery of the subject.One condition (A) involves having students read a chapter on multiplication from their textbook.One condition (B) involves having students watch a video of cartoon characters explaining multiplication.One condition (C) involves having students being taught multiplication by a teacher.One condition (D) involves having students being taught multiplication by a fourth-grader.In all conditions, participants spend 30 minutes learning the fundamentals of multiplication and are then given the same 15-question multiplication test.The number of questions answered correctly is recorded.The data are below. Name two ways that Dr.Phillips could avoid selection threat when he is assigning participants to conditions and explain why each of these methods avoids selection threat.

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Definitions:

Graph Drawing

The process of representing data visually using plots and charts to make the information easier to understand.

Consumer Surplus

The difference between the total amount consumers are willing and able to pay for a good or service and the total amount they actually pay.

Market Price

The amount for which something can currently be purchased or sold within a marketplace, reflecting supply and demand conditions.

Squeeze Out Profits

Strategies or actions taken by companies to increase profit margins, often by reducing costs or increasing efficiency, sometimes under competitive pressure.