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RESEARCH STUDY 12

question 15

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RESEARCH STUDY 12.3: To study the effects of physical discomfort on attention, Dr.Lopez conducted the following study: A group of participants were required to keep one hand submerged in cold water (52 degrees).Half of the participants kept their hand in the water for 2 minutes, and half of the participants kept their hand in the water for 4 minutes.In addition, half of the participants were given a placebo pill and told it would reduce the pain of the water (pain relief assumed).The other half were given a placebo pill and told that it would have no effect (no pain relief assumed).While their hands were in the water, participants were asked to watch a video where a ball is quickly passed between and underneath three cups.At the end of the video, participants were asked to indicate under which cup the ball could be found.Whether or not the participant picked the correct cup was recorded (as a measure of whether they were paying attention).The results are below.
Provide a graph of the possible interaction in Dr.Lopez's study and discuss whether Dr.Lopez should conclude that an interaction exists in his study.


Definitions:

Lemon v. Kurtzman

A 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the Lemon Test for determining the constitutionality of state laws regarding church and state separation.

Excessive Entanglement

Excessive entanglement refers to complex or inappropriate involvement between government and religion, often discussed in the context of violating the Establishment Clause of the US Constitution.

Religious Institutions

Organizations or establishments founded on religious beliefs and practices, serving the spiritual needs of their community and often playing significant social and educational roles.

Fourteenth Amendment

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people, and provided all citizens with “equal protection under the laws.”

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