The Collective Action Perspective of Strategy Formulation Applies to Strategic

question 13

Multiple Choice

The collective action perspective of strategy formulation applies to strategic decisions that cut across functional areas, involve issues related to the organization's long-term goals, or involve the allocation of resources across business units. According to the collective action perspective, strategic decision processes:

• A)are typically centered in a single functional area (e.g., in marketing or in R&D).
• B)are often characterized by conflict that often divides participants in the strategy formulation process.
• C)involve negotiation and compromise among partisan participants.
• D)all of the answer choices
• E)both are often characterized by conflict that often divides participants in the strategy formulation process and involve negotiation and compromise among partisan participants.

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Definitions:

Hypothetical-deductive Reasoning

A cognitive process, identified by Piaget, involving the ability to formulate hypotheses and systematically deduce the most logical consequences to solve a problem.

Formal Operational Thought

A stage in cognitive development, according to Piaget, where individuals develop the ability to think abstractly, logically, and systematically, usually beginning in adolescence.

Concrete Operational Thought

A stage in cognitive development, described by Piaget, where children aged 7-12 start to think logically about concrete events.

Sensorimotor Thought

refers to the stage in early childhood cognitive development where learning occurs through sensory experiences and manipulating objects.