The Incumbency Advantage in the House of Representatives ______

question 30

Multiple Choice

The incumbency advantage in the House of Representatives ______.

• A) rose from 1 or 2 points in the 1960s to almost 8 points by 2002, but has since declined to the levels seen in the 1950s
• B) continues to increase every decade as mapmakers draw districts that perfectly fit the needs of lawmakers
• C) was eliminated when the House of Representatives adopted a system of proportional representation
• D) decreased from an average of 8 points in 2002, but has started rising again in recent elections as national forces play little role in congressional elections

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Definitions:

Operating Leverage

A measure of how sensitive a company's operating income is to a change in revenue, highlighting the impact of fixed costs on profitability.

Operating Cash Flow

The cash generated from a company's regular business operations, indicating its ability to generate sufficient cash to maintain operations.

Accounting Break-even Point

The point at which total costs and total revenues are equal, resulting in no net loss or gain.