What Was the Result of the 2004 Case That Argued

question 75

Multiple Choice

What was the result of the 2004 case that argued the phrase under God in the Pledge of Allegiance violated the First Amendment?

• A) The Supreme Court ruled that the phrase did not violate the establishment clause.
• B) The Supreme Court ruled that the phrase violated the establishment clause.
• C) The Supreme Court ruled that the phrase was protected by the free exercise clause.
• D) The Supreme Court ruled that the phrase was not protected by the free exercise clause.
• E) The Supreme Court did not rule on the issue, dismissing the case on a technical matter.

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Definitions:

First-Mover Advantage

Comes from being first to exploit a niche or enter a market.

Oligopolistic Industry

An industry structure marked by a small number of firms that dominate the market, often resulting in strategic interactions among these firms.

Strategic Behavior

Actions taken by firms or individuals that consider the anticipated reactions or responses of other firms or individuals.

Collusive Oligopoly

A market situation where a small number of firms agree, explicitly or implicitly, to control prices, market share, or other competitive dimensions, reducing or eliminating competition.