How Did Tolman Modify the Traditional Behaviorist Formula Stimulus-Reaction

question 32

Short Answer

How did Tolman modify the traditional behaviorist formula stimulus-reaction?

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Definitions:

Social Reality

The spectrum of beliefs, institutions, norms, and behaviors that characterize the social life of a group or society, perceived as objective by its members.

Self-concept

An individual's perception of themselves, encompassing beliefs and feelings about one's personal attributes and how one evaluates oneself.

Self-esteem

An individual's subjective evaluation of their own worth, encompassing beliefs about oneself as well as an emotional state such as pride or despair.

Social Comparison

The act of comparing oneself to others in order to evaluate one's own abilities, successes, and characteristics.