Secret Associations, Such as Those in Africa

question 27

Multiple Choice

Secret associations, such as those in Africa,

• A) share all of their secrets with non-members on special occasions.
• B) are common in many areas of the world.
• C) are not involved in political activities.
• D) frequently punish members of the native elite.

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Definitions:

Expectancy Theory

Expectancy Theory is a motivational theory that suggests an individual’s behavior is determined by their expected outcomes and the attractiveness of those outcomes.

Instrumentality

The perception that a certain level of performance will lead to the attainment of a desired outcome.

High Power Need

A psychological term describing a person's desire to exert control or influence over others.

McClelland

A reference to David McClelland, an American psychologist known for his work on motivation needs theory, including the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power.