In Cell 1,
A) $\Psi$ _p = 0 $\Psi$ _w = 0 $\Psi$

question 28

Multiple Choice

In Cell 1,

• A)\(\Psi\)_p = 0.0 MPa and \(\Psi\)_w = 0.0 MPa.
• B)\(\Psi\)_p = 0.0 MPa and \(\Psi\)_w = -1.0 MPa.
• C)\(\Psi\)_p = +0.5 MPa and \(\Psi\)_w = -0.5 MPa.
• D)\(\Psi\)_p = -0.5 MPa and \(\Psi\)_w = -0.5 MPa.

---

Definitions:

Contrast Error

A bias in performance appraisal that occurs when evaluations are influenced by comparing employees against each other instead of against objective standards.

Subjective Measures

Evaluation or assessment methods based on personal opinions, interpretations, points of view, or feelings rather than quantifiable metrics.

Rater Bias

Refers to the prejudice or partiality that evaluators (raters) might show towards or against certain individuals or groups during appraisal processes, affecting the objectivity of assessments.

Quantitative

Relating to, measuring, or measured by the quantity of something rather than its quality.