How Does Peer Review Influence the Development of Scientific Theories

question 26

Multiple Choice

How does peer review influence the development of scientific theories?

• A)Peer review allows other scientists to know what is current in their field.
• B)Careful evaluation of research results by other scientists ensures that only solid and legitimate research results are published,and helps prevent faulty research or false claims from being viewed as scientific fact.
• C)Peer review increases competition among scientists and thus increases the quality of the published work.
• D)Peer review makes it extremely difficult for work to be published other than earth-shattering scientific theories.

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Definitions:

Independent Samples

Two or more groups of data that are collected from distinct, non-overlapping populations, allowing for comparisons that assume no inherent relationship between the groups.

Matched Pairs

A design in experiments where pairs of subjects are closely matched on key characteristics, with one subject in each pair receiving each treatment.

Test Statistic

A calculated value from sample data used to determine the p-value in hypothesis testing, assessing the likelihood of observing the results under the null hypothesis.

Variability

Variability describes the spread or dispersion of a set of data points, indicating how much the data points differ from each other and from the mean.