Answer the Following Questions

question 28

Multiple Choice

Answer the following questions :
-casta system

• A)A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property.
• B)Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home.
• C)A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction.
• D)A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there.
• E)The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
• F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
• G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
• H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
• I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
• J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
• K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
• L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
• M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
• N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
• O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
• P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
• Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
• R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
• S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
• T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
• U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule.

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Definitions:

Contract

A legally binding agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a particular arrangement or transaction.

Affirm

To confirm, ratify, or declare positively, often in a legal context such as affirming a judgment.

Ratifies

To formally approve or confirm something, often an agreement or treaty, making it officially valid.

Authority

The capability or entitlement to direct, determine outcomes, and mandate adherence.