When a Subject Variable Is Used as an Independent Variable

question 40

Multiple Choice

When a subject variable is used as an independent variable and differences occur between groups on the dependent measure, what can be concluded?

• A)the independent variable caused the differences to occur, assuming there are no confounds
• B)the two groups performed differently
• C)in this case, the subject variable must be a dependent variable, not an independent variable
• D)because a subject variable is being used, nothing at all can be concluded

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Definitions:

German Law

A legal system established in Germany, characterized by its codified laws, which include civil, criminal, and public law.

Actual Cause

The true, direct cause of an event, establishing a clear link between an action and its outcome in legal or causal terms.

But-For Causation

A principle in tort law that directly relates the injury complained of to the specific action of the defendant, suggesting that but for this action, the injury would not have occurred.

Professional Malpractice

The failure of a professional to perform their duties to the required standard of care, resulting in harm to a client or patient.