Suppose There Are 100 Studies That Failed to Demonstrate an Effect

question 70

Multiple Choice

Suppose there are 100 studies that failed to demonstrate an effect of gender on false memories, but 8 studies that showed a gender difference. One may conclude from reading the published studies there is a gender difference, but one may be incorrect due to

• A)incomplete confidence intervals.
• B)error variance.
• C)systematic variance.
• D)a phenomenon called a file drawer effect.

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Definitions:

Unconditioned Response

In classical conditioning, a naturally occurring reaction to an unconditioned stimulus, requiring no previous learning.

Waking Up

The process of transitioning from sleep to consciousness.

Conditioned Response

The learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with an unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning.

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response.