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If We Choose Participants in Such a Way That Our

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If we choose participants in such a way that our groups are not equal before the experiment, we have which of the following threats to internal validity?


Definitions:

Sensation Seeking Scale

A psychological tool developed to measure an individual's propensity to seek varied, novel, complex, and intense sensations and experiences.

Expected Success

The anticipation or belief that one will successfully achieve a given task or goal based on previous experiences or statistical likelihood.

Reinforcement

Reinforcement is a concept in behavioral psychology involving the use of stimuli to increase the likelihood of a specific response; it can be positive (adding a stimulus) or negative (removing a stimulus).

Primary and Secondary Needs

Basic and advanced levels of human needs, where primary needs are physiological, such as food and shelter, and secondary needs include social and psychological aspects.

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