Questions Refer to the Following Research Study

question 60

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to the following research study:
Ronda would like to assess the effects of a reading comprehension course on the scores of students. She gives a group of remedial students a reading comprehension pretest and then randomly assigns them to either the treatment group or the control group. Shortly after the treatment, she measures their reading comprehension scores again.
-Suppose Ronda finds out that participants in the treatment group were helping participants in the control group with their reading comprehension. Ronda should be worried about which threat to internal validity?

• A) Selection
• B) Experimental mortality
• C) Testing
• D) Diffusion of treatment

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Definitions:

Cause-and-effect

A relationship between events or things, where one is the result of the other or others, demonstrating how different actions or events are linked.

Clarity of Message

The quality of being easily understood and free from ambiguity, crucial for effective communication in any medium.

Ambiguous Messages

Communications that can be interpreted in multiple ways due to unclear or vague language, leading to confusion or misunderstanding.

Redundancies

The presence of duplicate elements or unnecessary repetitions in content or processes.