Questions Refer to Table 12-4 SOURCE TABLE -Refer to Table 12-2

question 15

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to Table 12-4. A researcher is interested in determining just how much negative interactions with strangers affect our sense of well-being. In this example, participants completed a scale of positive affect. Later, either a pleasant or unpleasant confederate is randomly assigned to interact with each participant. At the end of the experiment, participants’ positive affect is again assessed. Positive affect scores could range from 1 (low positive affect) to 15 (high positive affect) .
Table 12-4
TABLE OF MEANS:

$\begin{array}{c}\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text { TIME POSITIVE AFFECT ASSESSED }\\\begin{array} { l l c c r } & & \text { BEFORE EXPERIMENT } & \text { AFTER EXPERIMENT } & \text { ROW M } \\ \text { Confederate } & \text { Pleasant } & 11.10 & 13.30 & 12.20 \\ \text { Demeanor } & \text { Unpleasant } & 10.60 & 3.50 & 7.05 \\ & \text { COLUMN M } & 10.85 & 8.40 & \\ & & & \text { Pop. } \mathrm { M } = 9.63 \end{array} \end{array}$

SOURCE TABLE


$\begin{array}{lcccccc}\text { SOURCE } & \text { SS } & \text { df } & \text { MS } & \text { F } & p \\\text { Between subjects effects } & & & & & & \\\quad \text { Confederate Demeanor } & 265.23 & 1 & 3705.63 & 420.43 & .000 \\\quad \text { Error } & 158.65 & 18 & 8.81 & & \\& & & & & \\\text { Within subjects effects } & & & & & & \\\quad \text { Time } & 60.03 & 1 & 60.03 & 18.14 & .000 \\\text { Confederate } x \text { Time } & 216.23 & 1 & 216.23 & 65.69 & .000\\\\\text { Error }& 59.25 & 18 & 3.29\end{array}$
-Refer to Table 12-2. The main effect of participant sex ____ significant; therefore, we should conclude that

• A) is; men administered more shocks than women.
• B) is not; men administered more shocks than women.
• C) is; there are no overall differences between men and women in terms of the number of shocks administered.
• D) is not; there are no overall differences between men and women in terms of the number of shocks administered.

Describe the impact of culture on communication and societal relationships.

Identify strategies to improve cultural competency for effective intercultural communication.

Understand and explain the concept of culture.

Recognize and evaluate the effects of ethnocentrism and stereotyping.

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Definitions:

Deindividuation

A psychological state where an individual loses self-awareness and a sense of individuality, often leading to disinhibited behavior, usually in group settings.

Deindividuation

A psychological state where an individual loses self-awareness and self-restraint, often occurring in group settings that foster anonymity.

Social Facilitation

When the mere presence of others improves performance.

Group Polarization

The phenomenon by which a group's prevailing attitudes or beliefs become more extreme following group discussions, as members tend to support more extreme positions.