In the Following Study, Participants Were Randomly Assigned to Receive

question 62

Essay

In the following study, participants were randomly assigned to receive humanistic therapy, psychodynamic therapy, or behavioral therapy for their depression. Six months after therapy ended, participants' levels of depression were rated on a Likert scale from 1 (not at all depressed) to 15 (extremely depressed).
$\begin{array}{lcccc}{\text { GROUP }} & \text { N } & \text { MEAN } & \text { STD DEV } & \text { STD ERROR } \\\text { 1 (humanistic) } & 10 & 5.40 & 2.17 & 0.69 \\\text { 2 (psychodynamic) } & 10 & 7.50 & 2.84 & 0.90 \\\text { 3 (behavioral) } & 10 & 5.60 & 3.13 & 0.99\end{array}$


ONEWAY ANOVA: THERAPY bY DEPRESSION
$\begin{array} { l c c c c c } & \text { SUM OF } & & \text { MEAN } & & \\ \text { SOURCE } & \text { SQUARES } & \text { DF } & \text { SQUARES } & \text { F RATIO } & \text { PROB. } \\ & & & & & \\ \text { BETWEEN GROUPS } & 26.87 & 2 & 13.73 & 1.78 & .187 \\ \text { WTHIN GROUPS } & 203.30 & 27 & 7.53 & & \\ \text { TOTAL } & 230.17 & 29 & & & \end{array}$

POST HOC TEST: Tukey-HSD with significance level .05
* Indicates significant differences shown for pairings

$\begin{array}{lll}G & G & G \\r & r & r \\p & p & p \\1 & 2 & 3\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\text { Mean}& \text { THERAPY }\\5.40 & \text { Grp 1 } \\7.50 & \text { Grp 2 } \\5.60 & \text { Grp 3 }\end{array}$

-Is this a two-group design or a multiple-group design? How do you know?

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Definitions:

Cover Pictures

Images or graphics used on the front page of documents, websites, or social media profiles to represent content or convey specific messages.

Chi-square Statistic

A statistical measure used to determine the difference between observed and expected frequencies in categorical datasets.

P-value

The probability of observing test results at least as extreme as the results actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct.

Null Hypothesis

A statement used in statistical analysis that proposes there is no significant difference or effect, serving as the default assumption to be tested against an alternative hypothesis.