Questions Refer to Table 11-2 ONEWAY ANOVA: SMOKING by AGE (CORR SAMP)

question 56

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to Table 11-2. In this study, 10 children completed a survey regarding their impressions of smokers at age 8 and then again at age 10 and 12. Scores could range from 1 (extreme negative impression of smokers) to 20 (extreme positive impression of smokers) .

Table 11-2
$\begin{array} { c c c c c } \text { GROUP } & \mathrm { N } & \text { MEAN } & \text { STD DEV } & \text { STD ERROR } \\ 1 \text { (AGE 8) } & 10 & 9.70 & 5.89 & 1.86 \\ 2 \text { (AGE 10) } & 10 & 10.40 & 5.58 & 1.76 \\ 3 \text { (AGE 12) } & 10 & 11.80 & 5.94 & 1.88 \end{array}$


ONEWAY ANOVA: SMOKING by AGE (CORR SAMP)


$\begin{array} { l c c c r r } & \text { SUM OF } & \text { MEAN } & & \\ \text { SOURCE } & \text { SQUARES } & \text { DF } & \text { SQUARES } & \text { F RATIO } & \text { PROB. } \\ \text { AGE } & 22.87 & 2 & 11.43 & 6.76 & .006 \\\text { SUBJECTS } & 879.63 & 9 & 97.74 & 34.71 & .000 \\\text { WITHIN CELLS } & 30.47 & 18 & 1.69 & & \\\text { TOTAL } & 932.97 & 29 & & & \end{array}$


POST HOC TEST: Tukey-HSD with significance level .05
* Indicates significant differences shown for pairings
$\begin{array} { l l l } \mathrm { G } & \mathrm { G } & \mathrm { G } \\ \mathrm { r } & \mathrm { r } & \mathrm { r } \\ \mathrm { p } & \mathrm { p } & \mathrm { p } \\ 1 & 2 & 3 \end{array}$


$\begin{array}{ll}\text { Mean } & \mathrm{AGE}\\9.70 & \text { Grp } 1 \\10.40 & \text { Grp 2 } \\11.80 & \text { Grp } 3\end{array}$
-Consult Table 11-1. Which of the following is written using correct APA format?

• A) The effect of alcohol dosage on ratings of perpetrator responsibility was significant, F(2, 27) = 17.70, p > .05.
• B) The effect of alcohol dosage on ratings of perpetrator responsibility was significant, F(2, 27) = 17.70, p < .05.
• C) The effect of alcohol dosage on ratings of perpetrator responsibility was significant, F(27, 2) = 17.70, p > .05.
• D) The effect of alcohol dosage on ratings of perpetrator responsibility was significant, F(27, 2) = 17.70, p < .05.

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Definitions:

Unitary Task

A task that is designed to be accomplished by a group working together as a single cohesive unit.

Conjunctive Task

A group task where the performance of the group is determined by the performance of the least capable member.

Process Loss

The inefficiencies that arise in group processes, leading to outcomes that are inferior to what could have been achieved by individuals working independently.

Actual Output

Refers to the real or achieved results or outcome of a process, which can be compared to expected or intended outputs.