Questions Refer to Table 11-2 ONEWAY ANOVA: SMOKING by AGE (CORR SAMP)

question 140

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to Table 11-2. In this study, 10 children completed a survey regarding their impressions of smokers at age 8 and then again at age 10 and 12. Scores could range from 1 (extreme negative impression of smokers) to 20 (extreme positive impression of smokers) .

Table 11-2
$\begin{array} { c c c c c } \text { GROUP } & \mathrm { N } & \text { MEAN } & \text { STD DEV } & \text { STD ERROR } \\ 1 \text { (AGE 8) } & 10 & 9.70 & 5.89 & 1.86 \\ 2 \text { (AGE 10) } & 10 & 10.40 & 5.58 & 1.76 \\ 3 \text { (AGE 12) } & 10 & 11.80 & 5.94 & 1.88 \end{array}$


ONEWAY ANOVA: SMOKING by AGE (CORR SAMP)


$\begin{array} { l c c c r r } & \text { SUM OF } & \text { MEAN } & & \\ \text { SOURCE } & \text { SQUARES } & \text { DF } & \text { SQUARES } & \text { F RATIO } & \text { PROB. } \\ \text { AGE } & 22.87 & 2 & 11.43 & 6.76 & .006 \\\text { SUBJECTS } & 879.63 & 9 & 97.74 & 34.71 & .000 \\\text { WITHIN CELLS } & 30.47 & 18 & 1.69 & & \\\text { TOTAL } & 932.97 & 29 & & & \end{array}$


POST HOC TEST: Tukey-HSD with significance level .05
* Indicates significant differences shown for pairings
$\begin{array} { l l l } \mathrm { G } & \mathrm { G } & \mathrm { G } \\ \mathrm { r } & \mathrm { r } & \mathrm { r } \\ \mathrm { p } & \mathrm { p } & \mathrm { p } \\ 1 & 2 & 3 \end{array}$


$\begin{array}{ll}\text { Mean } & \mathrm{AGE}\\9.70 & \text { Grp } 1 \\10.40 & \text { Grp 2 } \\11.80 & \text { Grp } 3\end{array}$
-Consult Table 11-2. Why are the degrees of freedom for the age variable equal to 2?

• A) Because there are two levels of the independent variable.
• B) Because there are three levels of the independent variable.
• C) Because there are two significant differences.
• D) Because the formula for df between is always 1 + 1.

Understand the psychological and physical health benefits of writing about traumatic life events.

Understand the basic definition and characteristics of a group.

Recognize the influence of roles and norms within groups.

Identify the features of formal and informal groups.

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