Questions Refer to the Following Computer Output in Which a Researcher

question 7

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to the following computer output in which a researcher compared the GPA of traditional (aged 18-22) and nontraditional (aged 23 or older) students.
Table 10-1
GROUP $1 =$ Aged $18 - 22$
GROUP $2 =$ Aged 23 or older
Variable $=$ Grade point average


$\begin{array} { l c c c c } \text { GROUP } & N & \text { Mean } & S D & \text { Standard Error } \\ \text { GROUP 1 } & 15 & 2.95 & 0.556 & 0.143 \\ \text { GROUP 2 } & 15 & 3.08 & 0.524 & 0.135 \end{array}$


$F _ { \max }$ test $\quad F = 0.225 \quad p = 0.639$
Equal Variances Assumed
$t = - 0.68 \quad d f = 28 \quad p = 0.509$
Equal Variances Not Assumed
$t = - 0.68 \quad d f = 27.90 \quad p = 0.509$
-Consult Table 10-1. The descriptive statistics refer to the

• A) means and standard deviations for each group.
• B) results of the Fmax test.
• C) t value for "equal variances assumed."
• D) t value for "equal variances not assumed."

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Definitions:

Null Hypothesis

Re-phrased: The presumption in statistical testing that asserts no association or effect among studied variables.

Critical Value

A threshold in hypothesis testing that defines the boundary beyond which an observed test statistic is considered statistically significant.

Level of Significance

A threshold used in hypothesis testing that determines the probability of wrongly rejecting a true null hypothesis.

T-test

A statistical method employed to ascertain whether there's a notable difference in the average values of two distinct groups.