According to the Theory of Cosmic Inflation, the Universe

question 43

Multiple Choice

According to the theory of cosmic inflation, the universe

• A) began from a powerful electromagnetic effect in vacuum.
• B) had no beginning but instead has always existed.
• C) began as the result of the "big crunch" collapse of some pre- existing universe.
• D) began when two very massive pre- existing particles collided and annihilated with each other.
• E) began as a tiny fragment of space and time.

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Definitions:

Reliability

The degree to which an assessment tool produces stable and consistent results across multiple measurements.

Validity

The extent to which a test or instrument measures what it is supposed to measure.

Predictive Validity

The extent to which a score on a scale or test predicts future performance on a related outcome.

Culture Bias

The tendency to interpret or judge phenomena by standards inherent to one's own culture, potentially leading to misunderstanding or prejudice.