Tall Hierarchies Are Associated with All of the Following Problems

question 70

Multiple Choice

Tall hierarchies are associated with all of the following problems except:

• A)high bureaucratic costs
• B)a wide span of control
• C)communication problems
• D)motivation problems

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Definitions:

Nonprogrammed Decision

Decision-making that occurs in response to unusual, unpredictable, and unique situations, requiring custom solutions rather than standard operating procedures.

Post-Decisional Justification

The tendency to rationalize a decision after it has been made to reduce cognitive dissonance.

Optimistic Evaluation

The tendency to assess situations, challenges, or opportunities in a positive light, expecting favorable outcomes.

Synergy

The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.