The Rule of Parsimony States That

question 14

Multiple Choice

The rule of parsimony states that:

• A)analogous features should be given more importance than homologous features.
• B)cladograms should be constructed in the least complicated way.
• C)character states are distinguished from one another by comparison with outgroups.
• D)adjacent branches should terminate in a node.
• E)phylogenetic relationships should be based on ancestral character states.

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Definitions:

Culture

The shared values, customs, social behaviors, institutions, and intellectual achievements of a particular society or group, shaping its members' worldview and lifestyle.

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

A theory suggesting that individuals experience discomfort and thus are motivated to reduce it by changing their attitudes, beliefs, or actions when they are inconsistent.

Role-Playing Theory

A psychological perspective that suggests individuals perform actions in society based on the roles they are expected to play.

Attribution Theory

is a psychological framework that explores how individuals explain and attribute causes to their own and others' behaviors.