A Species of Bird Had an Original Range Covering the Entire

question 32

Essay

A species of bird had an original range covering the entire eastern half of the United States from New England down to Florida, west to the Rocky Mountains. During a period of glaciation, the eastern part of the range was cut off from the western part for 2000 years. Then the glaciers melted and the birds' original range was reestablished. During the separation, the western birds evolved a slightly different song and a darker wing color. Ornithologists are now studying this species to determine whether speciation has taken place. What evidence will they look for in their study?

---

Definitions:

Government Borrowing

The method by which a government finances its expenditure by issuing debt instruments, such as bonds.

Public Expenditures

Refers to the spending of government funds on goods, services, and infrastructure for the public benefit and economic stability.

Crowding Out

A situation in which increased public sector borrowing leads to a reduction in private sector spending, either because of higher interest rates or because available financial resources are used by the government.

Governmental Purchases

Expenditures made by the government for goods and services that are used to provide public services.