Read the Following Scenario and Answer the Question Below

question 38

Multiple Choice

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Many geologists have proposed naming the current time period of Earth's history the Anthropocene epoch. The rationale for doing so includes the fact that erosion rates and greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere have increased rapidly over the past 300 years. Almost all environmental scientists agree that increases in greenhouse gases contribute to global climate change. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor are the main culprits. Human activities, chief among them the tapping and burning of fossil fuels for energy, have significantly increased these "greenhouse gases" in our atmosphere in the last 300 years. With rising standards of living in developing countries, emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are expected to continue to rise. If unchecked, carbon dioxide levels will reach twice preindustrial levels by midcentury and double again by the end of the century. Computer models have shown that this rise alone could raise Earth's temperatures by 3 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100.
-Positive feedback loops destabilize environmental systems by creating a "snowball effect," whereby a change in the system causes further change. Which of the following represents a positive feedback loop in regard to global warming?

• A)warming of Earth, increasing the evaporation of surface water
• B)controlling development, resulting in higher population densities in urban centers
• C)reforestation, causing a release of carbon dioxide from soil microbes
• D)limiting use of fossil fuels as a source of energy
• E)sequestering carbon dioxide underground, resulting in a drop in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels

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Definitions:

Gamification

The application of game-design elements and game principles in non-game contexts to engage and motivate people to achieve their goals.

Game-playing Concepts

Ideas or strategies derived from games that can be applied in other contexts, such as education or business, to engage and motivate individuals.

Apps

Short for applications, these are software programs designed to perform specific tasks on computers or mobile devices.

Web Services

Software systems designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network, often using standardized protocols like SOAP or REST.