A Laboratory Dog Has Had Surgery to Separate the Spinal

question 53

Multiple Choice

A laboratory dog has had surgery to separate the spinal components of its motor system from the cortical and subcortical components. Which of the following best describes the motor abilities of this animal?

• A) The dog is able to sit and roll over in response to commands.
• B) The dog can move proximal effectors normally, but not distal effectors.
• C) The dog demonstrates reflexive withdrawal of its foot in response to sudden stimulation.
• D) Only vital motor functions such as breathing and heartbeat are intact in this animal.

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Definitions:

Black Sheep Effect

The tendency for groups to judge deviant in-group members more harshly than comparable out-group members, often leading to greater punishment or exclusion of the deviant in-group member.

Outgroup Attribution

The tendency to attribute the behavior and outcomes of individuals who are not members of one's own group to their inherent characteristics, rather than to situational factors.

Consolidation

Consolidation refers to the process of making a position of power or achievement secure and stable, or in psychology, the process by which memories become stable in the brain.

Dissenting View

An opinion that differs from the consensus or majority viewpoint, highlighting the presence of diverse perspectives in discussions or debates.