Halo Effects Occur When

question 17

Multiple Choice

Halo effects occur when:

• A) people ascribe to others the characteristics or feelings that they possess themselves.
• B) attributes are assigned to an individual solely on the basis of his or her membership in a particular social or demographic group.
• C) the perceiver singles out certain information that supports or reinforces a prior belief, and filters out information that does not confirm that belief.
• D) people generalize about a variety of attributes based on the knowledge of one attribute of an individual.

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Definitions:

Flooding

In behavior therapy, a form of exposure treatment in which the client is taken directly into a feared situation until his or her panic subsides.

Counterconditioning

A behavior therapy technique where a positive response is conditioned to replace a negative or undesirable response to a stimulus.

Unconditional Positive Regard

A concept in client-centered therapy proposing that therapists should accept and support their clients without judgment.

Reinforcer

Any stimulus that strengthens or increases the probability of a specific response or behavior.