The Osmotic Gradient in the Medullary Region of the Kidneys

question 10

Multiple Choice

The osmotic gradient in the medullary region of the kidneys is established and maintained by which of the following?

• A)Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporters in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
• B)Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporters in the descending limb of the loop of Henle
• C)efflux of Na+ from the descending limb of the loop of Henle
• D)efflux of water from the descending limb of the loop of Henle
• E)efflux of water from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle

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Definitions:

AASB 137

The Australian Accounting Standards Board standard that specifies the accounting for provisions, contingent liabilities, and contingent assets.

Deferred Liability

A deferred liability is a financial obligation that a company owes and is recorded on its balance sheet to be settled in a future period.

Uncertain Future Events

Events whose occurrence and impact cannot be predicted with certainty, often requiring risk management and contingency planning.

Contingent Liability

A possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity.