Sandra Has Just Received a Bad Result in Her Language

question 29

Multiple Choice

Sandra has just received a bad result in her language paper. After telling her parents, she points to her achievement in a recent swimming competition. Steele (1988) calls this strategy:

• A) self-affirmation.
• B) achievement motivation.
• C) BIRGing.
• D) self-verification.

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Definitions:

Class Consciousness

A term referring to the awareness of one's social class and its implications in the capitalist system, often related to Marxist theory, which advocates for the working class's recognition of their collective economic interests.

Progressive Taxes

A taxation system where the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases, generally considered more equitable as it places a heavier burden on those who have the ability to pay more.

Regressive Taxes

Taxes that take a larger percentage of income from low-income earners than from high-income earners, disproportionally burdening the former.

Feudalism

A medieval European social system in which land was held by nobles in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants were obligated to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce.