Ogbu and Davis (2003) Found That Middle-Class African American Students

question 35

Multiple Choice

Ogbu and Davis (2003) found that middle-class African American students in an affluent area got lower grades than their middle-class white classmates, concluding that the difference was due to

• A) Not wanting to be "too white"
• B) Lower academic preparation
• C) Lower socio-economic status
• D) Discrimination by teachers

---

Definitions:

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Syndrome of chronic misbehavior in childhood marked by belligerence, irritability, and defiance, although not to the extent found in a diagnosis of conduct disorder.

Conduct Disorder

A mental disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence characterized by a persistent pattern of behavior that violates social norms and the rights of others.

Serious Violations of Rules

Behaviors that significantly depart from societal norms or regulations, often resulting in legal or disciplinary consequences.

DSM-5 Criterion

Specific guidelines outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, used to diagnose psychiatric disorders.