[Solved] Which of the following genotypes will result in a male? A) XO B) XY C) XX D) XXX E) YY Rescorla-Wagner Model: A model of classical conditioning that proposes that learning is determined by the extent to which a unconditioned stimulus is unexpected or surprising. Conditioned Strength: The extent to which a conditioned stimulus can elicit a strong and reliable conditioned response after associative learning has occurred. Unconditioned Stimulus: In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any need for learning. CS Preexposure Effect: The phenomenon where prior exposure to a conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus can inhibit the formation of a conditioned response when both are later paired.