How Does the Urinary System Contribute to Osteoporosis

question 110

Multiple Choice

How does the urinary system contribute to osteoporosis?

• A) Lack of exposure to sunlight increases vitamin D production at the kidneys and decreases calcium absorption.
• B) Immune cells of the kidneys absorb excess calcium under the direction of PTH.
• C) Excessive smoking lowers calcitriol levels, which decreases bone loss.
• D) Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted as part of urine.
• E) Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.

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