Which of the Following Correctly Differentiates Between Top-Down Processing and Bottom-Up

question 14

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly differentiates between top-down processing and bottom-up processing?

• A)Top-down processing starts with cognitive processing; bottom-up processing starts with the external environment.
• B)Top-down processes begin with sensory receptors; bottom-up processes begin with the interpretation of information.
• C)Bottom-up expectations are not always accurate; top-down expectations are always accurate.
• D)Bottom-up processing can happen in the absence of a stimulus; top-down processing cannot happen in the absence of a stimulus.

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Definitions:

Operon

In prokaryotes, a group of structural genes that are coordinately controlled and transcribed as a single message, plus their adjacent regulatory elements.

Protein Binding

The interaction between a protein and another molecule, which could be another protein, a small molecule, or DNA, critical for many biological processes.

cAMP Levels

Concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, a secondary messenger important in many biological processes including signal transduction and intracellular communication.

CAP

A regulatory feature in some RNA molecules or a protein that can influence gene expression; context-dependent.