Warren Has Earned Himself a Reputation for Being the Class

question 63

Multiple Choice

Warren has earned himself a reputation for being the class clown.His teacher, Ms. Washington, used to laugh at Warren's funny remarks but is now trying to discourage Warren's disruptive behavior by ignoring his jokes.In spite of Ms.Washington's attempts to ignore Warren, Warren sometimes tells a joke so funny that Ms.
Washington laughs in spite of herself.Rather than decreasing his joke telling, Warren begins telling even more outrageous jokes.Inadvertently, Ms.Washington is modifying Warren's joke-telling behavior through:

• A)Negative reinforcement
• B)Punishment
• C)Extinction
• D)Shaping

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Definitions:

Confidence Intervals

A range of values, derived from a data set, used to estimate the uncertainty surrounding an estimated parameter.

Sampling Distribution

The probability distribution of a given statistic based on a random sample, used for hypothesis testing and constructing confidence intervals.

Significance Level

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis in a statistical test when it is actually true, commonly denoted as alpha.

Statistically Significant

An observation or effect sufficiently large or important to be unlikely to have occurred by chance, as per a predefined threshold in hypothesis testing.