A Pigeon Can Easily Be Taught to Flap Its Wings

question 24

Multiple Choice

A pigeon can easily be taught to flap its wings in order to avoid shock but not for food reinforcement. According to the text,this is most likely so because

• A)pigeons are biologically predisposed to flap their wings in order to escape aversive events and to use their beaks to obtain food.
• B)shock is a more motivating stimulus for birds than food is.
• C)hungry animals have difficulty delaying their eating long enough to learn any new skill.
• D)of all of these reasons.

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Definitions:

Marginal Product

Marginal Product is the additional output that results from using one more unit of a particular input, holding other inputs constant.

Average Product

The output per unit of input, typically calculated by dividing total output by the quantity of a specific input used.

Average Total Cost

The total cost divided by the number of units produced, representing the cost per unit of output.

Average Variable Cost

Average Variable Cost is calculated by dividing the total variable cost (cost that changes with the amount of output) by the quantity of output produced.