The Rate of Non-Contact ACL Injuries Is Much Higher in Physically

question 29

Multiple Choice

The rate of non-contact ACL injuries is much higher in physically active women than men. Which of the following is NOT considered a valid explanation for the gender-based difference in the ACL injury rate?

• A)High estrogen levels in females relax supportive knee ligaments.
• B)Women have a wider pelvis, changing the angle of the femur as it enters the knee.
• C)The quadriceps:hamstrings strength ratio is more in balance in females.
• D)Men contract their hamstrings earlier when landing a jump thus stabilizing the knee.
• E)Female's playing posture is more upright making the knee more vulnerable.

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Definitions:

Sampling Plans

Detailed strategies that outline the selection and evaluation of a group of individuals from a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population.

Random Selection

A process of choosing a sample from a population such that every individual has an equal chance of being selected.

Stratified Random Sample

A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) that share similar characteristics, and random samples are then taken from each subgroup to ensure representation across the population's diversity.

Systematic Random Sample

A sampling method where elements are selected from an ordered sampling frame using a starting point and a fixed periodic interval.