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The squared difference between the observed and expected frequencies should be large if there is a significant difference between the proportions.
Avoidance
A defensive or protective strategy aimed at preventing, evading, or escaping a perceived threat or undesirable situation.
Reinforcement Strategies
Techniques used to encourage and strengthen the desired behavior through rewards or consequences.
External Control
The regulation or influence of an individual's behavior by forces outside themselves, such as societal norms or laws.
Conditioned Stimulus
A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with an unconditioned stimulus, eventually triggers a conditioned response.
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