The Patient Is a 28-Year-Old Female with Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus

question 103

Essay

The patient is a 28-year-old female with type-1 diabetes mellitus.She developed viral gastroenteritis with nausea and vomiting.She did not take her insulin and she became increasingly nonresponsive.Her husband called 911 and she was taken to the emergency room.Her pulse rate was 128 and her respiratory rate was 28,deep,and smelled fruity (Kussmaul breathing).Her urinary glucose and ketone levels were both 4+.Her pH was dangerously low.Explain how the body attempted to compensate for the low serum pH.

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Definitions:

Infection

The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that are not normally present within the body.

Case-fatality Rate

The percentage of cases of a specified condition or disease that result in death.

Measles

A highly contagious viral infection that affects primarily children, characterized by a distinctive red rash among other symptoms.

Confirmed Cases

Instances of a disease or condition that have been verified by diagnostic testing or medical confirmation.