Many Colleges and Universities Offer a Freshman Seminar Class to Prepare

question 28

Multiple Choice

Many colleges and universities offer a freshman seminar class to prepare students for college life.Colleges put a great deal of money into these classes and want to know if the freshman seminar classes the independent variable) have an influence on the students' attitudes and behaviors the dependent variable) .This is commonly measured by conducting a survey at the end of the first year about information covered in the classes.Which of the following threats to internal validity could influence survey results?

• A)history
• B)regression to the mean
• C)maturation
• D)selection

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Definitions:

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique used to reduce phobias and anxiety through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation combined with relaxation exercises.

Positive Reinforcement

A term from reinforcement theory, positive reinforcement refers to the situation in which a behavior is followed by positive consequences and thus is likely to be repeated.

Punishment

The imposition of a penalty or consequence as a result of a person's actions or behaviors, intended to reduce or eliminate those behaviors.

Intrinsic Motivation

The drive to perform activities for their own sake and for the internal satisfaction and fulfillment they bring, rather than for external rewards.