What Evidence Did Oskar Pfungst Present to Indicate That Clever

question 137

Multiple Choice

What evidence did Oskar Pfungst present to indicate that Clever Hans was not doing mathematical calculations?

• A) Hans was correct no more often than we would expect for chance guessing.
• B) Hans could answer a question correctly only if the questioner knew the correct answer.
• C) Hans could answer correctly only if the questioner made subtle sounds while he was answering.
• D) Hans could answer correctly only if his owner, Mr. von Osten, was present.

---

Definitions:

Nutrition Counselor

A health professional who specializes in advising individuals on diet and nutrition to improve health, achieve specific health-related goals, or manage diseases.

Assertive

Marked by confident and direct behavior or communication without being aggressive.

Group Nutrition Counseling

A form of nutrition guidance provided to a group rather than individuals, focusing on general nutritional education and support.

Group Counseling

A form of therapy involving a group of individuals facing similar issues, facilitated by one or more counselors to promote healing and support.