Some Investigators Claim They Have Taught Monkeys to Understand Spoken

question 99

Multiple Choice

Some investigators claim they have taught monkeys to understand spoken English, but another scientist argues that the results might be due to a Clever Hans effect. What does this mean?

• A) The procedure works only if training begins during infancy.
• B) The procedure works only with a few carefully selected and especially bright individuals.
• C) The monkeys might be responding to subtle visual cues accidentally given by the investigators.
• D) The results are not replicable.

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Definitions:

Dural Puncture

A medical procedure that involves puncturing the dura mater, the outermost and toughest membrane covering the brain and spinal cord, often done during spinal tap or epidural anesthesia.

Epidural Pain

Pain relief administered into the epidural space of the spine, often used during childbirth or surgical procedures to numb the lower part of the body.

Spinal Fluid

Also known as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), it's a clear liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing protection and carrying nutrients.

Caffeinated Beverages

Drinks that contain caffeine, a stimulant that can improve alertness and energy levels, such as coffee, tea, and some sodas.