While We Typically Think of Emotions as an Internal Experience

question 9

Essay

While we typically think of emotions as an internal experience that is followed by a facial expression representing our emotion, many researchers have questioned whether this is in fact the case. Specifically, researchers have wondered if they could illicit an emotional response by molding a participant's posture and breathing pattern into a pattern typical of a given emotion. Describe what happened in the study illustrated in your text in which participants were made to frown or smile by holding pens in their lips.

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Definitions:

Level of Education

The highest degree or level of schooling an individual has completed, often categorized by primary, secondary, tertiary, and further education.

ANOVA Table

A tabular representation used in analysis of variance that summarizes the source of variation, degrees of freedom, sum of squares, mean squares, and the F-statistic.

F-ratio

A statistical measure used in the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the ratio of variance between groups to the variance within groups.

P-value

A statistical measure that helps scientists determine the significance of their research results, indicating the probability of observing the obtained results if the null hypothesis were true.